In a significant development, Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) has declared a temporary cap on the issuance of study visas for international students.
This was revealed in a recent release from IRCC, which outlines that for the year 2024, the cap is anticipated to lead to approximately 360,000 approved study permits—a sharp 35% decline from the figures in 2023.
The new regulations extend beyond the nationwide limit, as IRCC introduces caps tailored to each province and territory. These caps will be influenced by the population of each region, aiming to reduce the unsustainable growth of the international student population in provinces that have experienced the most significant influx.
It’s crucial to note that the caps will not impact current study permit holders in Canada or those seeking renewals.
The implementation of this cap marks a pivotal moment in Canada’s approach to managing the growing number of international students within its borders.
Effective immediately, as of January 22, 2024, all study permit applications submitted to IRCC must include an attestation letter from a province or territory. These letters are expected to be issued by respective provinces or territories by March 31, 2024.
The IRCC has expressed its intention to reassess the cap in 2025, indicating a dynamic approach to managing the evolving landscape of international education in Canada.
International Students in Canada
Canada has witnessed a substantial surge in international student admissions, reaching over 800,000 in 2022. Minister Miller projected a further increase to over 900,000 in 2023, signaling a trajectory deemed unsustainable.
He referred to the system as “out of control” and emphasized the need for federal agencies, including IRCC, to address the situation.
One of the concerns raised by Minister Miller is the permissive structure of designated learning institutions (DLIs) within provinces. DLIs, of which there are over 1,000 in Canada, play a crucial role as the only post-secondary institutions allowed to admit international students.
The minister highlighted the need for robust discussions between provincial governments and their DLIs to ensure a more controlled and responsible approach to admitting international students.
In December, IRCC implemented other changes to the international student program, including doubling the cost-of-living requirement for international students.
This adjustment aims to help international students better prepare for the current cost of living in Canada.
Additionally, IRCC is set to introduce a Trusted Framework Agreement with DLIs in time for the 2024 academic season, promising expedited processing for study permits at eligible institutions.
Changes to Post Graduation Work Permits (PGWPs)
Simultaneously, IRCC has introduced modifications to the eligibility criteria for the Post Graduation Work Permit (PGWP), further reshaping the landscape for international students in Canada.
Starting September 2024, students enrolled in study programs that are part of a curriculum licensing arrangement will no longer be eligible for the PGWP.
Curriculum licensing agreements involve students attending private colleges licensed to teach the curriculum of associated public colleges.
While these programs have attracted international students in recent years, their eligibility for the PGWP has been perceived as a loophole due to less oversight compared to public colleges.
On a positive note, IRCC has announced that graduates from master’s programs or other short graduate-level programs will be eligible to apply for a 3-year work permit.
This significant change seeks to address the limitations imposed by the current criteria, which ties the length of the PGWP to the duration of an individual’s study program.
The modification aims to provide master’s and doctorate students with an extended period to gain valuable Canadian work experience, enhancing their prospects for transitioning to permanent residency.
Changes to the Open Work Permit (OWP) for Spouses of International Students
Starting this year, Open Work Permits(OWPs) will only be available to spouses of international students enrolled in master’s and doctoral programs. Spouses of students at other study levels, including undergraduate and college programs, will no longer be eligible for open work permits.
In the coming weeks, the department plans to release more details concerning open work permits for the spouses of international students.
Bringing the System Back Under Control
The announcement of the cap and associated changes to the PGWP eligibility criteria were not unexpected. Immigration Minister Marc Miller had hinted at these measures in the summer of 2023 and reiterated the possibility in a December release.
In a recent interview with CTV news, Minister Miller expressed the need for these measures, particularly concerning temporary residents like international students, to ensure the provision of adequate support from designated learning institutions.
Minister Miller acknowledged the growing pressure on IRCC to address the influx of international students, emphasizing that the sheer volume poses a challenge to the integrity of the system. He pointed out instances where institutions may have admitted students from abroad, charging premium fees without delivering the promised quality of education.
The latest release from IRCC echoes this sentiment, stating that some institutions have expanded their intakes solely to drive revenue, potentially compromising the quality of education and support services.
According to Minister Miller, the rapid increase in the number of international students has strained resources such as housing, healthcare, and other essential services.
By implementing these measures, IRCC aims to bring the system back under control, ensuring a balanced and sustainable approach to welcoming international students.
What Are the Advantages That This New Update Offers to International Students?
While the recent announcement from IRCC about the cap on admissions for international students and changes to the PGWP eligibility criteria may initially seem restrictive, it is important to consider the potential advantages for international students in the broader context.
Quality of Education
By implementing caps and eligibility criteria, IRCC aims to ensure that designated learning institutions (DLIs) maintain high standards of education.
This could result in a more rigorous academic experience for international students, with institutions focusing on providing quality education and support services.
Enhanced Work Opportunities for Graduates
The extension of the Post Graduation Work Permit (PGWP) to three years for graduates from master’s programs and other short graduate-level programs is a significant advantage.
This extension allows students more time to gain valuable Canadian work experience, improving their chances of transitioning to permanent residency.
Avoidance of Exploitative Practices
The measures introduced by IRCC address concerns raised by Minister Marc Miller about institutions admitting international students solely for financial gains without delivering the promised educational quality.
By curbing unsustainable growth, IRCC aims to prevent the exploitation of international students by institutions focused solely on revenue generation.
Canadian Immigration System Stability
The cap on admissions and changes to the PGWP criteria contribute to the stability of the Canadian immigration system. By managing the number of international students, the government aims to alleviate pressure on housing, healthcare, and other essential services.
This, in turn, can create a more sustainable and balanced environment for both international students and the local community.
Priority to Master's and Doctoral Students
Open work permits for the spouses of international students are reserved for those enrolled in master’s and doctoral programs. This demonstrates a recognition of the value and contribution of individuals pursuing higher levels of education and may provide added support for families during their time in Canada.
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Partnership with Designated Learning Institutions (DLI)
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